Control apparatus for internal combustion engine

ABSTRACT

A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine detects an amount of particulate matter contained in an exhaust gas in an exhaust passage, according to an electrical property across electrodes of a particulate matter sensor disposed in the exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine. The term “electrical property” here refers to a property that changes with the amount of particulate matter deposited, for example, a current value of when a predetermined voltage is applied. After the internal combustion engine is started and detection of the amount of the particulate matter is completed, an element section of the particulate matter sensor is set to a predetermined temperature range. The particulate matter deposited on the element section is thereby burned and removed. The control apparatus maintains the element section in the predetermined temperature range after burning and removing the particulate matter until the internal combustion engine stops.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a National Stage of International Application No.PCT/JP2011/056029 filed Mar. 15, 2011, the content of which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety.This is a reissueapplication of U.S. Pat. No. 8,943,809, which was filed as U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 13/392,272 on Feb. 24, 2012 and issued on Feb. 3,2015, and which is a National Stage of Internal Application No.PCT/JP2011/056029 filed Mar. 15, 2011, the disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention generally relates to control apparatuses forinternal combustion engines. The present invention particularly relatesto a control apparatus for an internal combustion engine including aparticulate matter sensor, provided in an exhaust passage of theinternal combustion engine, for detecting an amount of particulatematter in an exhaust gas.

BACKGROUND ART

Patent document 1, for example, discloses a sensor that detects anamount of particulate matter (hereinafter referred to also as “PM”)contained in an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The sensordisclosed in patent document 1 includes an insulating layer on which thePM is deposited and a pair of electrodes spaced apart from each other atthe insulating layer. When the exhaust gas contacts with the sensor, PMin the exhaust gas is deposited between the electrodes. Conductivityacross the electrodes varies in accordance with the amount of PMdeposited, and resistance across the electrodes varies. Thus, the amountof PM deposited between the electrodes can be detected by detecting theresistance across electrodes of the sensor, and the amount of PMcontained in the exhaust gas can be accordingly estimated to detect afault in a PM trapping filter, etc.

If the amount of PM deposited between the electrodes exceeds apredetermined level in this sensor, a value of the resistance across theelectrodes no longer changes. The sensor then cannot output a valuecorresponding to the amount of PM deposited. In such situation where alot of PM deposit between the electrodes, in the technique disclosed inpatent document 1, a PM reset that burns the deposited PM to remove themis performed by heating the sensor for a predetermined period of timewith a heater embedded in the sensor.

PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS Patent Document

Patent Document 1: JP-A-2008-190502

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Problem to be Solved by the Invention

Upon the start of the internal combustion engine, condensate waterstagnates in the exhaust passage. In such occasion, an element sectionof a PM sensor may get wet by the condensate water during the start-upof the internal combustion engine. If the element section is rapidlyheated for PM reset while it is wet, cracking may occur at the elementsection of the PM sensor 8.

To prevent the cracking, during the start of the internal combustionengine, the PM sensor is typically heated and reactivated afterconfirming that the moisture in the exhaust passage is discharged andthe exhaust passage is dry. However, this requires a considerable amountof time for completing the PM reset and switching to a PM amountdetection mode after the start-up of the internal combustion engine. Asa result, particularly after cold starting, if a short trip operationsuch that the system stops before the water temperature risessufficiently is repeated, the PM sensor may not switch to the PM amountdetection mode.

In order to establish the PM detection mode immediately after the startof the internal combustion engine, for example, the PM reset may beperformed after stopping or before starting (preheat) the operation ofthe internal combustion engine. However, PM reset at such timing has asignificant effect on battery load and it is also difficult to securethe time for PM reset.

An object of the present invention is to solve the foregoing problemsand to provide a control apparatus for an internal combustion enginethat is improved so that a PM amount can be measured at earlier timingin a start-up of the internal combustion engine.

Means for Solving the Problem

To achieve the foregoing object, a control apparatus for an internalcombustion engine according to the present invention includes means fordetecting an amount of particulate matter contained in an exhaust gasand means for burning to remove particulate matter deposited on anelement section.

The means for detecting the amount of particulate matter detects anamount of particulate matter contained in an exhaust gas in an exhaustpassage, according to an electrical property across electrodes of aparticulate matter sensor disposed in the exhaust passage of theinternal combustion engine. The term “electrical property” here refersto a property that changes with the amount of particulate matterdeposited, for example, a current value of when a predetermined voltageis applied.

The means for burning and removing the particulate matter deposited onthe element section burns and removes the particulate matter depositedon the element section by maintaining the element section of aparticulate matter sensor in a predetermined temperature range after theinternal combustion engine is started and detection of the particulatematter amount is completed. The term “predetermined temperature range”here refers to a temperature range in which the particulate matterdeposited on the element section can be burned.

The control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to thepresent invention further includes means for maintaining the elementsection in a predetermined temperature range after the particulatematter has been burned and removed until the internal combustion enginestops.

Preferably, the control apparatus for an internal combustion engineaccording to the present invention includes means for recording aparameter relating to a condition during the detection of theparticulate matter amount. In this case, the control apparatus furtherincludes means for determining, after the start of a current operationof the internal combustion engine, whether the detection of theparticulate matter amount is completed in a preceding operation from thepreceding start to the preceding stop of the internal combustion engine.The control apparatus in this case also includes means for reading, whenthe detection is determined to be uncompleted, the parameter recordedduring the preceding operation. The means for detecting the particulatematter amount may be able to continue the detection of the particulatematter amount performed in the preceding operation according to theparameter after the start of the current operation of the internalcombustion engine.

The control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to thepresent invention may be such that, when the detection of theparticulate matter amount performed in the preceding operation is to becontinued as above and when a temperature in the exhaust passage isdetermined to be higher than a reference temperature after starting thecurrent operation of the internal combustion engine, the means fordetecting the particulate matter amount resumes the detection of theparticulate matter amount performed in the preceding operation.

Effects of the Invention

In the present invention, the particulate matter is burned and removedafter the detection of the particulate matter amount is completed.Thereafter, the temperature of the element section is maintained in atemperature range in which the particulate matter is burned until theinternal combustion engine is stopped. This prevents the element sectionfrom being deposited with the particulate matter after completing theremoval of the particulate matter. Since the element section ismaintained in the temperature range until the preceding stop of theinternal combustion engine, the detection of the particulate matteramount in the current start of the internal combustion engine can bestarted without the process for burning and removing the particulatematter of the sensor.

Even if the element section is wet due to the condensate water in theexhaust passage upon the start of the internal combustion engine, atemperature at which the particulate matter amount is detected is lowerthan a temperature at which the particulate matter is removed. Thus,element cracking is unlikely to occur. Detection of the particulatematter amount can therefore be immediately started without waiting forthe condensate water to dry after the start of the internal combustionengine. This allows the particulate matter amount detection mode to beestablished at an early stage after the start of the internal combustionengine, so that an opportunity to detect the particulate matter amountcan be secured even more reliably.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing general arrangements of a systemaccording to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an element section of the PM sensoraccording to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a control routine performed by thecontrol apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart for illustrating another control routineperformed by the control apparatus in the embodiment of the presentinvention.

MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below withreference to the accompanying drawings. In each of the drawings, thesame or corresponding parts are assigned the same reference numerals,and descriptions for those parts will be simplified or omitted.

Embodiment

[Arrangements of a System of the Embodiment]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing general arrangements of a systemaccording to the embodiment of the present invention. In the systemshown in FIG. 1, a DPF (diesel particulate filter) 6 is disposed in anexhaust passage 4 of an internal combustion engine 2. The DPF 6 trapsparticulate matter (PM) contained in an exhaust gas. A PM sensor 8(particulate matter sensor) is disposed downstream of the DPF 6 of theexhaust passage 4. The PM sensor 8 detects an amount of PM contained inthe exhaust gas that flows through the DPF 6.

The system includes a control apparatus 10. Various sensors, includingthe PM sensor 8, are connected to an input side of the control apparatus10. Various actuators for the internal combustion engine 2 are connectedto an output side of the control apparatus 10. The control apparatus 10executes a predetermined program on the basis of input information sentfrom the various sensors and operates the various actuators to performvarious controls related to the internal combustion engine 2.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view showing an element section of thePM sensor 8 according to the embodiment of the present invention.Referring to FIG. 2, the element section of the PM sensor 8 includes apair of electrodes 12, 14 arranged on a surface thereof. The electrodes12, 14 are disposed with a certain space between them so as not tocontact with each other. In addition, each of the electrodes 12, 14includes a comb-shaped portion and is disposed so that the comb shapedportions are interdigitated with each other. The electrodes 12, 14 arein contact with an insulating layer 16 formed directly therebeneath. Theinsulating layer 16 has a function of depositing the PM thereon. Aheater not shown is embedded inside the insulating layer 16 in a layerbelow the electrodes 12, 14.

Each of the electrodes 12, 14 is connected to a power supply (not shown)via a power supply circuit, etc. Thus a predetermined voltage can beapplied across the electrode 12 and the electrode 14. The heater isconnected to the power supply (not shown) via the power supply circuit,etc. Thus a predetermined electric power is supplied to the heater andthe element section can be heated. The power supply circuit, etc. areconnected to and controlled by the control apparatus 10.

[Overview of Control According to the Embodiment]

Types of control performed by the control apparatus in this embodimentinclude detection of the PM amount contained in the exhaust gas, and afault determination of the DPF 6 based on the PM amount. Specifically,the control apparatus 10 applies a predetermined voltage to detect thePM amount (hereinafter referred to as “trapping voltage”) across theelectrodes 12, 14, and via a detector, detects a current value flowingthrough the PM sensor 8 as a sensor output.

When the trapping voltage is applied across the electrodes 12 and 14,the PM in the exhaust gas deposits between the electrodes 12, 14. As theamount of PM deposited between the electrodes 12, 14 increases,conducting portions between the electrodes 12, 14 increase, resulting ina smaller resistance across the electrodes 12, 14. In this embodiment,the sensor output from the PM sensor 8 is a value of a current flowingthrough the PM sensor 8, and the current value increases as the PMamount deposited between the electrodes 12, 14 increases. Accordingly,the PM amount contained in the exhaust gas can be detected by the PMsensor 8. A state in which the trapping voltage is applied and thecurrent value is detected will hereunder also be referred to as “PMdetecting mode”. The element section is maintained at a temperature of300° C. or less in the PM detecting mode.

In addition, the control apparatus 10 compares the detected sensoroutput with a criterion value to thereby determine whether there is afault in the DPF 6. The criterion value is a value approximates to anupper limit value of the sensor output that corresponds to the amount ofPM containable in the exhaust gas downstream of the DPF 6, when the DPF6 is operating normally. The criterion value is found and setappropriately for each PM sensor 8 through experiments, etc. Therefore,if the sensor output is greater than the criterion value, it isdetermined that the PM amount discharged downstream of the DPF 6 islarge and the DPF 6 is faulty.

Types of control performed by the control apparatus 10 further include aPM reset that removes the PM deposited on the element section of the PMsensor 8 by burning them. Specifically, in the above-mentioned faultdetermination of the DPF 6, the sensor output corresponding to the PMamount deposited on the element section for a predetermined period oftime is compared with the criterion value. The PM deposited on the PMsensor 8 is therefore needed to be temporarily removed to start thefault determination of the DPF 6. The control apparatus 10 thus performsthe PM reset such that removes the PM by burning them: that is, thecontrol apparatus 10 energizes the heater, heats the element section ofthe PM sensor 8 to a temperature at which the PM is burned or higher,and maintains the temperature for a certain time. The temperature of thePM reset here is 500° C. or more.

[Characteristic Control of the Embodiment]

Upon the start of the internal combustion engine 2, condensate water maystagnate in the exhaust passage 4. If the PM sensor 8 is rapidly heatedwhile it is wet due to the condensate water, the element section maycrack. Therefore, the PM reset is typically performed after the internalcombustion engine 2 has been started and the condensate water in theexhaust passage is gone. After the PM reset is completed, the PM sensoris switched to the PM detecting mode and the fault determination of theDPF is executed. In such cases, it is difficult to switch the PM sensorto the PM detecting mode at early timing after the start of the internalcombustion engine.

If the PM is not deposited on the PM sensor 8 upon the start of theinternal combustion engine 2, the PM detecting mode can be establishedimmediately after the start without performing the PM reset. Further,the PM detecting mode is performed at a temperature of 300° C. or less,which is lower than the temperature in the PM reset. Cracking of theelement section of the PM sensor 8 due to water soakage occurs when theelement section is rapidly heated while it is wet. The cracking,however, is unlikely to occur at a temperature of about 300° C. in thePM detecting mode. Thus, if the PM is not deposited on the PM sensor 8of the internal combustion engine 2, it is unnecessary to wait for thedrainage and drying of the condensate water in the exhaust passage, andthe PM detecting mode can be immediately established and the presence ofa fault in the DPF 6 can be determined.

Accordingly in this embodiment, the following control is performed inorder to establish the PM detecting mode immediately after the start ofthe internal combustion engine. The PM reset is performed when a faultdetermination of DPF 6 is completed after the start of the internalcombustion engine. After completion of the PM reset, the element ismaintained as is at the temperature of the PM reset (500° C. or more)until the internal combustion engine is stopped.

When the element is maintained at the temperature at the PM reset, thePM is burned, so the PM would not deposit on the element section.Therefore, a condition where the element section is free from the PMdeposition can be maintained after the completion of the PM reset. If apreceding operation of the internal combustion engine is stopped in astate where the element section is kept free from the PM deposition asdescribed above, in a current operation of the internal combustionengine 2, the fault determination for the DPF 6 can be immediatelystarted in the start of the operation without performing the PM reset.

However, it is to be noted that, for example, the internal combustionengine 2 may be stopped during the execution of the fault determinationfor the DPF 6 in the preceding operation. In such cases where theinternal combustion engine 2 is stopped during the execution of thefault determination of the DPF 6, the control apparatus 10 as wellsaves, in backup RAM, data such as a detection time in which the PMamount has been detected and operating condition parameters forcorrection of various outputs.

Then, after the internal combustion engine 2 is started for the currentoperation, information saved in the backup RAM is read and the detectionof the PM amount succeeded from the preceding operation (the sequence todetermine whether the DPF 6 is faulty) is continued without performingthe PM reset. Since the temperature of the PM detecting mode is heremaintained at 300° C. or less as well, the fault determination for theDPF 6 can be started immediately following the start of the internalcombustion engine 2 without cracking the element.

Alternatively, for example, the internal combustion engine 2 in thepreceding operation may be stopped in the middle of the PM reset aftercompleting the fault determination for DPF 6. In this case, the PM resetneeds to be performed to remove the PM from the element section afterthe internal combustion engine 2 is started for the current operation.The temperature during the PM reset needs to be increased to as high as500° C. or more. Following the start of the internal combustion engine2, the PM reset is performed after conditions required for starting thereset, such as a condition required for avoiding water soakage of the PMsensor 8, are satisfied. The fault determination for the DPF 6 is thenperformed while the PM is free from the element section. After the faultdetermination for the DPF 6 is completed, the PM reset is performedagain as described above. Following the completion of the PM reset, theelement section is maintained at the temperature of the PM reset untilthe internal combustion engine 2 is stopped in the current operation.

[Specific Control Routine of the Embodiment]

FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a control routine performed by thecontrol apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention. Theroutine shown in FIG. 3 is repeatedly performed at predeterminedintervals. In the routine of FIG. 3, first, whether the internalcombustion engine 2 has been started is determined (S102). If it isdetermined that the internal combustion engine 2 has not started, thecontrol is directly terminated.

If it is determined that the internal combustion engine 2 has beenstarted in step S102, whether the sensor is operational is nextdetermined (S104). If it is determined that the PM sensor 8 is notoperational, the control is directly terminated.

If it is determined that the PM sensor 8 is operational in step S104,the sensor temperature is next maintained at 300° C. or less (S106).This temperature is equivalent to that of the operational environment inwhich the PM sensor 8 usually operates to detect the PM and basically noheat is applied by the heater, etc.

Next, whether a flag XMODE_1 is ON is determined (S108). By default, theflag XMODE_1 is OFF and, remains OFF from the start of the faultdetermination for the DPF 6 till its completion. If it is determinedthat XMODE_1=ON holds, the fault determination is confirmed to becompleted before the internal combustion engine is stopped in thepreceding operation.

If it is determined in step S108 that XMODE_1=ON holds, whether a flagXMODE_2 is ON is determined (S110). By default, the flag XMODE_2 is OFFand, according to the process described in detail later, remains OFFfrom the start of the fault determination for the DPF 6 till thecompletion of the PM reset. If it is determined that XMODE_2=ON holds,both the fault determination and the PM reset is confirmed to becompleted before the internal combustion engine 2 is stopped in thepreceding operation.

If it is determined in step S110 that XMODE_2=ON holds, the trappingvoltage is applied and trapping of PM is started (S112). The applicationof a predetermined trapping voltage across the electrodes 12, 14 is herestarted according to a predetermined control signal from the controlapparatus 10, and the output from the PM sensor 8 is detected.

Next, XMODE_1 and XMODE_2 are turned OFF and XMODE_3 is turned ON(S114). XMODE_3 is a flag that is OFF by default and is turned ON fromthe start of the fault determination till the completion of the PM resetdescribed later.

The fault determination for the DPF 6 is next performed (S116). In thefault determination for the DPF 6, the output from the PM sensor 8 isdetected after a predetermined time has passed from the start of theapplication of the trapping voltage, and the output is compared with thereference value. The DPF 6 is determined to be faulty if the sensoroutput is greater than the reference value. The fault determination forthe DPF 6 is controlled according to a fault determination performanceroutine. During the performance of the fault determination, data such asan elapsed time in the PM detection and operating condition parametersfor correction of various outputs are saved in the backup RAM.

When the fault determination in step S116 is completed, the flag XMODE_1is turned ON (S118). This indicates that the fault determination iscompleted during the current operation of the internal combustion engine2.

Next, the PM reset is performed (S120). Specifically, the heater isenergized according to a control signal from the control apparatus 10 tothereby heat the element section to a predetermined temperature or more.The PM deposited on the element section of the PM sensor 8 is burned andremoved.

Then, whether the PM reset is completed is determined (S122). If it isdetermined that the PM reset is not yet completed, the determination forthe PM reset completion in step S122 is repeated at predeterminedintervals with the PM reset being performed.

If it is determined in step S122 that the PM reset is completed, theflag XMODE_2 is turned ON and the flag XMODE_3 is turned OFF (S124).This indicates that the sequence is completed up to the PM reset duringthe current operation of the internal combustion engine 2.

Next, the sensor temperature is maintained at 500° C. or more (S126).Since the temperature at the PM reset is here 500° C. or more, thetemperature of the element section is maintained as is at 500° C. ormore after the PM reset. The PM does not deposit on the element sectionin this temperature range. That is to say, the condition in step S124where the PM on the PM sensor 8 has been burned is maintained.

The current routine is then terminated. If the internal combustionengine 2 is stopped after the end of step S126 as above, the PMdetection (fault determination) in the subsequent operation can beperformed immediately after the start of the internal combustion engine2.

Meanwhile, if the routine in the preceding operation of the internalcombustion engine 2 is terminated after execution of the PM reset instep S120 and before completing the PM reset in step S122 with the stopof the internal combustion engine, the flag XMODE_1 is ON and the flagXMODE_2 is OFF. In this case, when the internal combustion engine 2 forthe current operation is started and the routine is executed, XMODE_2=ONdoes not hold in step S110.

The element section of the PM sensor 8 is considered to be depositedwith the PM, and the PM reset needs to be performed before starting thefault determination. Therefore, when XMODE_2=ON does not hold in stepS110, it is then determined in step S130 whether the condition for thePM reset is satisfied. Specifically, the condition for the PM resetincludes those for avoiding water soakage by the condensate water. Forexample, whether the temperature of the wall or a portion at which thecondensate water stagnates in the exhaust passage 4 is at dew point or100° C. or more. Such a condition is preset and stored in the controlapparatus 10 in advance.

If the condition for the PM reset is determined to be unsatisfied, theprocess in step S130 for determining whether the condition is satisfiedis repeated at predetermined intervals until the condition is satisfied.On the other hand, if the condition for the PM reset is determined to besatisfied in step S130, the PM reset is performed (S132). Specifically,the heater is energized by a control signal from the control apparatus10 to thereby heat the element section to a predetermined temperature.

The completion of the PM reset is next determined (S134). If the PMreset is determined uncompleted, the process in step S134 fordetermining the completion of the PM reset is repeated.

On the other hand, if the PM reset is determined to be completed in stepS134, it is determined that the PM deposit on the element section isremoved and the fault determination can be performed. The process thenmoves to step S112 and control according to the processes of steps S112to S126 is executed.

In another case, the routine may be terminated during the faultdetermination of step S116 with the stop of the internal combustionengine 2. The flag XMODE_1 then remains OFF as it has been turned OFF instep S114. Then, XMODE_1=ON does not hold in step S108 in the routine ofthe current operation after starting the internal combustion engine 2.

In this case, whether the flag XMODE_3 is ON is next determined (S136).In step S114, the flags XMODE_1 and XMODE_2 are turned OFF and at thesame time XMODE_3 is turned ON. XMODE_1 is reversed in step S118 inprior to XMODE_2 and XMODE_3 and is turned ON. Accordingly, when XMODE_1is OFF and XMODE_3 is OFF, it indicates that the PM reset has never beencompleted before.

Therefore, when XMODE_3=ON does not hold in step S136, the first PMreset for the PM sensor 8 is performed according to processes of stepsfrom S130 to S134. Control according to processes of steps from S112 toS126 is performed after that.

On the other hand, when XMODE_3=ON holds in step S136, the precedingoperation of the internal combustion engine 2 is considered to bestopped during the process of the fault determination for the DPF 6. Inthis case, a parameter, etc. recorded in the preceding faultdetermination is read (S138). The information is added and the controlis passed onto step S112. The fault determination interrupted in thepreceding operation is resumed and processes of steps from S112 to S126are performed in sequence.

As described heretofore, in this embodiment, the fault determination andthe PM reset are performed once in one trip from the start to the stopof the internal combustion engine 2. The PM sensor 8 is maintained at500° C. or more after the PM reset so that the PM does not deposit onthe element section. The fault determination can be thus performedimmediately after the start of the internal combustion engine 2 in thenext operation, without waiting for the drainage of the condensatewater. The period of time from the start of the internal combustionengine 2 to the completion of the fault determination can be shortened,and the fault determination can be therefore performed even if one tripis relatively short, achieving more opportunities to perform the faultdetermination.

[Another Control Example of this Embodiment]

The embodiment has been described for the case in which the trappingvoltage is applied in step S112 immediately after the parameter is readin step S138. The present invention is however not limited to this. FIG.4 is a flow chart for illustrating another control routine performed bythe control apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention.

The routine shown in FIG. 4 is the same as the routine shown in FIG. 3,except that the routine of FIG. 4 includes a process of step S140 afterthe process of step S138 before the process of step S112. In the routineshown in FIG. 4, after the parameter in the preceding operation is readin step S138, whether the condition for avoiding water soakage in the PMdetecting mode is satisfied is determined in step S140. The conditionfor avoiding the water soakage includes, for example, whether thetemperature of the wall or a portion at which the condensate waterstagnates is at the dew point or 100° C. or more. Such a condition ispreset and stored in the control apparatus 10 in advance.

If the condition is determined to be unsatisfied in step S140, theprocess in step S140 for determining whether the condition is satisfiedis repeated. If on the other hand the condition is determined to besatisfied in step S140, the control is passed onto step S112 and thefault determination succeeded from the preceding operation is continued.

In addition, the fault determination for the DPF 6 is performed as thePM detecting mode after the start of the engine in the embodiment. Thepresent invention is however not limited to the case of performing thefault determination for the DPF 6. The present invention is alsoeffective in detecting the PM amount contained in the exhaust gas as thePM detecting mode at an early stage after the start of the engine.

Additionally, the embodiment has been described for the case in whichthe temperature during the PM reset and after completing the reset areboth set to 500° C. or more. This is the temperature effective forburning the PM deposited on the element section. However, thetemperature range for burning the particulate matter in the presentinvention is not limited to 500° C. or more, and may be appropriatelyset according to the amount of particulate matter deposition orcomponents of the particulate matter or other factors.

Further, the temperature during the PM detecting mode is described as300° C. or less in the embodiment. The temperature during detection ofthe PM in the present invention is not limited to this. However, thetemperature during the PM detection is to be lower than the temperatureduring the PM reset and in a range the element section is unlikely tocrack even if the element section is wet.

The numerals of the number of the elements, quantity, volume, ranges,etc. referred in the foregoing embodiment are not limited to them in thepresent invention unless expressly described or a numeral is apparentlya certain number in principle. Further, the structures and steps of theembodiment illustrated are not always essential to the present inventionexcept for those expressly described or a structure or a step that islimited to a certain one in principle.

Description of Notations

2 internal combustion engine

4 exhaust passage

6 DPF (diesel particulate filter)

8 PM sensor

10 control apparatus

The invention claimed is:
 1. A control apparatus for an internalcombustion engine, comprising: means for detecting an amount ofparticulate matter contained in an exhaust gas in an exhaust passage ofthe internal combustion engine according to an electrical propertyacross electrodes of a particulate matter sensor disposed in the exhaustpassage of the internal combustion engine; means for burning andremoving the particulate matter deposited on an element section of theparticulate matter sensor by setting the element section in apredetermined temperature range for burning and removing the particulatematter deposited on the element section so as to maintain the elementsection in a condition in which particulate matter does not deposit onthe element section, after the internal combustion engine is started anddetection of the particulate matter amount is completed; and means formaintainingwherein the means for burning and removing the particulatematter maintains the element section at the predetermined temperaturerange continuously after the particulate matter has been removed byburning until the internal combustion engine stops.
 2. The controlapparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1,further comprising: means for recording a parameter parameters relatingto a condition for the detection of the particulate matter amount; meansfor determining, after a start of a current operation of the internalcombustion engine, whether the detection of the particulate matteramount is was completed in a preceding operation from the start to thestop of the internal combustion engine; and means for reading aparameter recorded during the preceding operation among the parametersrecorded by the means for recording when the detection of theparticulate matter amount is determined to be uncompleted in thepreceding operation, wherein: the means for detecting the particulatematter amount continues the detection of the particulate matter amountperformed in the preceding operation according to the parameter recordedduring the preceding operation, after the start of the current operationof the internal combustion engine.
 3. The control apparatus for aninternal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein: the means fordetecting the particulate matter amount resumes the detection of theparticulate matter amount preformed in the preceding operation, when atemperature in the exhaust passage is determined to be higher than areference temperature after the start of the current operation of theinternal combustion engine.
 4. A control apparatus for an internalcombustion engine, comprising: a detection device that detects an amountof particulate matter contained in an exhaust gas in an exhaust passageof the internal combustion engine according to an electrical propertyacross electrodes of a particulate matter sensor disposed in the exhaustpassage of the internal combustion engine; a device that burns andremoves the particulate matter deposited on an element section of theparticulate matter sensor by setting the element section in apredetermined temperature range for burning and removing the particulatematter deposited on the element section so as to maintain the elementsection in a condition in which particulate matter does not deposit onthe element section, after the internal combustion engine is started anddetection of the particulate matter amount is completed; and awhereinthe device that burns and removes the particulate matter maintains theelement section at the predetermined temperature range continuouslyafter the particulate matter has been removed by burning until theinternal combustion engine stops.
 5. The control apparatus for aninternal combustion engine according to claim 4, further comprising: arecord device that records a parameter parameters relating to acondition for the detection of the particulate matter amount; a devicethat determines, after a start of a current operation of the internalcombustion engine, whether the detection of the particulate matteramount is was completed in a preceding operation from the start to thestop of the internal combustion engine; and a device that reads aparameter recorded during the preceding operation among the parametersrecorded by the record device when the detection of the particulatematter amount is determined to be uncompleted in the precedingoperation, wherein: the detection device continues the detection of theparticulate matter amount performed in the preceding operation accordingto the parameter recorded during the preceding operation, after thestart of the current operation of the internal combustion engine.
 6. Thecontrol apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 5wherein: the detection device resumes the detection of the particulatematter amount preformed in the preceding operation, when a temperaturein the exhaust passage is determined to be higher than a referencetemperature after the start of the current operation of the internalcombustion engine.
 7. A control apparatus for an internal combustionengine, comprising: means for detecting an amount of particulate mattercontained in an exhaust gas in an exhaust passage of the internalcombustion engine according to an electrical property across electrodesof a particulate matter sensor disposed in the exhaust passage of theinternal combustion engine; means for burning and removing theparticulate matter deposited on an element section of the particulatematter sensor by setting the element section in a predeterminedtemperature range for burning and removing the particulate matterdeposited on the element section so as to maintain the element sectionin a condition in which particulate matter does not deposit on theelement section, after the internal combustion engine is started anddetection of the particulate matter amount is completed; wherein themeans for burning and removing the particulate matter maintains theelement section in a second temperature range lower than thepredetermined temperature range after the particulate matter has beenremoved, the second temperature range being a range in which theparticulate matter sensor is able to detect the amount of particulatematter; means for recording parameters relating to a condition for thedetection of the particulate matter amount; means for determining, aftera start of a current operation of the internal combustion engine,whether the detection of the particulate matter amount was completed ina preceding operation of the internal combustion engine; and means forreading a parameter recorded during the preceding operation among theparameters recorded by the means for recording when the detection of theparticulate matter amount is determined to be uncompleted in thepreceding operation, wherein: the means for detecting the particulatematter amount continues the detection of the particulate matter amountperformed in the preceding operation according to the parameter recordedduring the preceding operation, after the start of the current operationof the internal combustion engine.
 8. The control apparatus for aninternal combustion engine according to claim 7, wherein: the means fordetecting the particulate matter amount resumes the detection of theparticulate matter amount preformed in the preceding operation, when atemperature in the exhaust passage is determined to be higher than areference temperature after the start of the current operation of theinternal combustion engine.
 9. A control apparatus for an internalcombustion engine, comprising: a detection device that detects an amountof particulate matter contained in an exhaust gas in an exhaust passageof the internal combustion engine according to an electrical propertyacross electrodes of a particulate matter sensor disposed in the exhaustpassage of the internal combustion engine; a device that burns andremoves the particulate matter deposited on an element section of theparticulate matter sensor by setting the element section in apredetermined temperature range for burning and removing the particulatematter deposited on the element section so as to maintain the elementsection in a condition in which particulate matter does not deposit onthe element section, after the internal combustion engine is started anddetection of the particulate matter amount is completed; wherein thedevice that burns and removes the particulate matter maintains theelement section in a second predetermined temperature range lower thanthe predetermined temperature range after the particulate matter hasbeen removed, the second predetermined temperature range being a rangein which the particulate matter sensor is able to detect the amount ofparticulate matter; a record device that records parameters relating toa condition for the detection of the particulate matter amount; a devicethat determines, after a start of a current operation of the internalcombustion engine, whether the detection of the particulate matteramount was completed in a preceding operation of the internal combustionengine; and a device that reads a parameter recorded during thepreceding operation among the parameters recorded by the record devicewhen the detection of the particulate matter amount is determined to beuncompleted in the preceding operation, wherein: the detection devicecontinues the detection of the particulate matter amount performed inthe preceding operation according to the parameter recorded during thepreceding operation, after the start of the current operation of theinternal combustion engine.
 10. The control apparatus for an internalcombustion engine according to claim 9, wherein: the detection deviceresumes the detection of the particulate matter amount preformed in thepreceding operation, when a temperature in the exhaust passage isdetermined to be higher than a reference temperature after the start ofthe current operation of the internal combustion engine.